Foldable access ramp for vehicles

ABSTRACT

This invention relates to a folding ramp for vehicle access, made up of two frames. ( 5  and  6 ), linked to one another by means of a hinge ( 7 ) and with the door frame through a hinge ( 8 ), which frames can shift between a folded position, folded upon the door, and a deployed position, each frame being made up of two longitudinal beams ( 15  and  16 ) and an intermediate floor formed by a moving section ( 17 ) and at least one fixed section ( 18 ), the moving section ( 17 ) being able to shift between a position superimposed with the fixed section ( 18 ) and another extracted position, in which it is extended with said fixed portion ( 18 ).

The present invention refers to a folding ramp for vehicle access, especially applicable to passenger transport vehicles for its use, if necessary, as an evacuation ramp; although it may also be used for loading and unloading merchandise.

More specifically, the ramp of the invention is intended for being assembled on the inside of a door, in the access opening thereof, and is of the type made up of two rectangular frames, articulated with one another through one of their shorter sides, and to the lower part of the door opening through the free shorter side of one of the frames, both frames being able to swing between a folded position, in which they remain against one another and the door opening frame, and a deployed position,in which they are aligned, extended outwards, in order to define a passable path, each frame being made up of two longitudinal beams and an intermediate floor, and both frames being linked to the door frame by means of a suspension cable connected to a collecting drum with a brake assembled on said frame.

An evacuation ramp of the type set forth is known from Spanish patent numbers 9600259 and 9600549 of the same applicants, in which each of the frames forming the ramp is made up of two parallel longitudinal beams based on superimposed double C profiles. The upper C of both longitudinal beams are opposite one another and assembled between them with sliding capability are crosspieces between which a textile sheet is fixed defining the floor of the walkway when the ramp is deployed, whereas when the ramp is folded the crosspieces turn and slide along the longitudinal beams, remaining against each other in the upper portion of the frames, with the sheet folded such that on the two frames that are against one another there are coinciding translucent areas, free from crosspieces and from the sheet, areas which in coincidence with the door may define an opening for visibility or access. Crosspiece movement is controlled by means of cables running through the second C of the longitudinal beams.

This system requires arranging independent cables for folding and deployment of the ramp and for shifting the longitudinal beams, which complicates the walkway makeup. Furthermore, the floor of said walkway in its deployed position may suffer from a lack of rigidity and safety for users.

The present invention has as an object to eliminate the drawbacks set forth by means of a walkway with a simpler and more robust makeup, reducing the number of components for the walkway floor and at the same time strengthening said floor.

According to the present invention, the intermediate floor of each frame includes a moving section, close to the hinge pin of the frames and at least one fixed section. The moving section is limited by the longitudinal beams and can be shifted along these between two end positions, a withdrawn position, in which the moving section is superimposed to the fixed portion of the floor, and another extracted position, in which it remains in extension of said fixed portion in order to complete the floor surface.

Both the moving section of the floor of the two frames and the longitudinal beams of said frames have means for guiding the shifting of the moving sections of the floor. The moving section of the two frames is connected to the frame suspension cables through points adjacent to the nearest edge of the frame hinge pin. With this makeup, the moving sections for the two walkway sections hang from the suspension cables when the frames are in their folded position, shifting due to their own weight towards the extracted position, by progressively releasing the frame suspension cable during said plate deployment operation, whereas the moving section of the two frames shifts towards the withdrawn position when pulling at the cables during the walkway folding operation.

The walkway of the invention further has means for controlling the deployment of the frames and for locking them in their folded position, the locking means being releasable when the closing door reaches a position close to that of maximum opening.

All the features of the invention, as set forth in the claims, are described in more detail below with the aid of the attached drawings, in which a non-limiting embodiment is shown.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of the ramp of the invention, in its folded position and with the door closed.

FIG. 2 shows detail A of FIG. 1, at a larger scale.

FIG. 3 shows a section similar to FIG. 1, with the door open and the ramp in an intermediate deployment position.

FIG. 4 shows a cross-section similar to FIGS. 1 and 3, with the door open and the ramp completely deployed.

FIG. 5 shows detail B of FIG. 4, at a larger scale.

FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the walkway in its deployed position.

FIG. 7 shows a longitudinal section of the deployed walkway along section line VII-VII of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 shows a partial cross-section of the walkway, taken along section line VIII-VIII of FIG. 6, showing the moving section of the floor in its extended position.

FIG. 9 shows a partial cross-section of the walkway, taken along section line IX-IX of FIG. 6, in which the fixed section of the floor has been omitted.

FIG. 10 shows detail C of FIG. 7, at a larger scale.

FIG. 11 shows detail D of FIG. 6.

FIGS. 12 to 14 show a frame locking mechanism, in its folded position of FIG. 1.

As can be seen in FIGS. 1 to 7, the ramp of the invention is intended to be assembled in the opening of a door 1 which is assembled on a frame of which one of the vertical pillars is shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, one of the vertical pillars having number 2 as a reference, the door 1 being hinged between the two vertical pillars according to the rotating shaft 3 by means of bent arms 4.

Assembled behind the door 1 between the vertical pillars 2 is the evacuation ramp, which is made up of two frames with reference numbers 5 and 6, linked to one another through one of the shorter edges by means of a hinge 7, the frame 5 being further assembled between the pillars 2 by means of a hinge pin 8 parallel to the hinge pin 7 of the two frames and to the hinge pin 3 of the door 1.

The frames 5 and 6 may swing between a folded position shown in FIG. 1, in which both frames are held together and placed between the pillars 2 of the frame of the door 1, and a deployed position, shown in FIG. 4, in which the frames 5 and 6 are extended in order to define a passage surface.

The frames 5 and 6 are connected, by means of suspension cables 9, to a brake 10 with end drums for collecting the cables 9. From the folded position of FIG. 1, initially by the section of traction dampeners 11, and then the deployment of the ramp occurs once the door 1 is open due to the very weight of the frames 5 and 6, as the brake 10 progressively releases the cable 9, until reaching the position of FIG. 4. Folding of the frames is achieved by means of pulling the cable 9 due to the action of the braking mechanism 10. In order to control the deployment operation, the frame 5 is linked to the pillars 2 of the frame of the door 1 by means of pneumatic or hydraulic springs 11 which are shown more clearly in FIGS. 2 and 5.

As can be best observed in FIGS. 6 to 8, each one of the frames 5 and 6 is made up of two longitudinal beams 15 and 16, between which an intermediate floor is arranged including a moving section 17 and two fixed sections 18 and 19, these fixed sections 18 and 19 being usable as connection elements for longitudinal beams 15 and 16.

As can be best observed in FIGS. 7 to 9, each one of the longitudinal beams 15 and 16 have on their opposing faces two longitudinal grooves 20 and 21 in which bolts or runners are introduced which project from the longitudinal edges of the moving sections 17, close to their ends and with reference numbers 22 and 23, the bolt or runner 22 being introduced in groove 21, whereas the bolt or runner 23 is introduced in groove 20, both bolts or runners being able to shift along the grooves 20 and 21, such that the section 17 of the floor can shift between the position shown in FIG. 6, in which it is extended and in a coplanar position with sections 18 and 19, and a folded position, in which the moving section 17 remains placed on the fixed section 18.

When the walkway is in the position of FIG. 1, the moving sections 17 are placed on the fixed sections 18 and as the two frames 5 and 6 are placed against the free openings of these sections 17 they are opposite one another and with a possible transparent window 24 of the door 1, as can be seen in FIG. 1.

When deploying the walkway until it reaches its completely extended position, as seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, the moving panels 17 shift progressively towards the hinge pin 7 of the two frames, until they are located between the fixed panels 18 and 19, thus completing the passage surface, all this with the moving section 17 being guided through the grooves 20 and 21 by means of the bolts or runners 22 and 23. When the walkway is folded the process is the reverse, and the moving sections 17, due to their own weight, descend progressively until reaching the position of FIG. 1.

The shifting of the moving sections 17 of the floor of the walkway is achieved through the suspension cables 9 of the frames. In order to do this the cable 9 is branched into two sections 25 and 26 through a branching part, not shown, which acts as a compensating and/or regulating element in order to achieve the same tension in the two sections, as can be better observed in FIG. 3, of which sections section 25 is passed through guiding rollers 27 assembled on the longitudinal beams 15, FIGS. 9 and 10, in order to be later fixed to the moving section 17 of frame 5 at points 28 close to the edge adjacent to the hinge pin 7 of the frames. For its part, section 26 of the suspension cables 9 is passed through guides 29, FIG. 9, assembled on the longitudinal beams 16 of frame 6, in order to fix them later to the moving section 17 of frame 6 at points close to the edge adjacent to the fixed section 19. With this arrangement it is achieved that when pulling or letting out the cable 9, the moving section 17 of the two frames 5 and 6 rises or falls at the same speed.

As can be observed in FIG. 3 the walkway is further linked to the two pillars 2 of the door opening by means of a pair of cables 30 which are introduced through cable protectors 31 integral with the longitudinal beams 15 of frame 5 and anchored to supports 32 integral with the longitudinal beams 16 of frame 6, as shown in greater detail in FIG. 9. Anchored to this support 32 there is a cable 33 which is connected to the upper end of the pillars 2 of the door opening, as can be observed in FIG. 3, the cables 30 and 33 serving as auxiliary folding and suspending means to assure the position of FIG. 4 even in the case that the free end of the walkway does not rest on the ground or a fixed support point.

In short, the makeup described provides a walkway with a rigid floor including section 17 which in the folded position leave free spaces coinciding with the window of the door, in order to have an open vision area, obtaining the shifting of these sections in an automatic manner when deploying the walkway as the. brake 10 lets out the suspension cable 9.

As can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 7 the longitudinal grooves 20 and 21 which guide the shifting of the moving section 17 of the floor of the frames have a path facilitating the shifting of said sections and guides them in order to place them in a superimposed position of the fixed sections 18 when the walkway is folded, and in a coplanar position with the fixed sections 18 and 19 when the walkway is extended.

The folded and withdrawn position of the walkway is secured by means of a locking mechanism 35, FIGS. 3 and 4, that can be actuated from the door 1 by means of a lever 36 hinged to the hinging arm 4 of the door 1. The locking device 35 comprises a box casing housing a latch 37 vertically shifting between an extracted position, shown in FIG. 1, in which the portion projecting from the box 35 acts as a stop preventing the exit of the walkway, and a retracted position shown in FIG. 12, in which the latch 37 remains inside the box 35, thus allowing the exit of the walkway.

The latch 37 is constantly pushed towards the extracted position of FIGS. 11 and 13 by means of a spring 38 and its shifting is carried out by means of a lever 39 connected to the door 1 by means of the arm or cable 36 and has a push rod 40 hinged to it which is capable of acting on the notch 41 of the latch 37.

When the door 1 is closed, the lever 39 and push-rod 40 are in the position of FIG. 11 and the latch 37 is in its extracted position in order to prevent the exit of the ramp. When opening the door 1, as it is being lifted, the cable 36 pulls the lever 39, causing the push-rod 40 to swing, which pulls the latch 37 upwards until reaching the position of FIG. 12, when the door 1 is close to its maximum opening position. After this moment, when the door 1 is completely open in the position of FIG. 4, the push-rod 40 overcomes the notch 41 of the latch 37 which, due to the action of the spring 38, recovers its maximum extraction position, as shown in FIG. 13. When closing the door, the push-rod 40 will slide on the upper rounded end of the latch 37, giving way due to the effect of the springs 42 and 43 until occupying again the position of FIG. 11, when the door is completely closed and the ramp is folded and withdrawn, in order to act as a stop preventing accidental extraction of said ramp.

The outer frame 6 of the ramp may have a step hinged on its free end.

The brake 10 controlling the suspension cable 9 of the walkway will include two end drums for winding the two cables 9 and a braking mechanism assuring a smooth 

1. A folding ramp for vehicle access, intended for being assembled behind a door (1) within the frame thereof and made up of two rectangular frames (5 and 6) linked at one of their shorter sides by means of a hinge (7) and with the door frame through the free smaller free end of one of the frames (5) by means of a hinge (8), the frames of which may swing between a folded position in which they remain folded against one another and the frame (2) of the door opening, and a deployed position, in which they are aligned, each frame being made up of two longitudinal beams (15-16) and an intermediate floor and both frames being linked to the frame of the door opening by means of a suspension cable (9) connected to a collecting drum (10) with a brake assembled on said frame,characterised in that the intermediate floor of each frame includes a moving section (17), close to the hinge pin (7) of both frames, and at least one fixed section (18), the moving section of which is limited between the longitudinal beams and can shift along them between two end positions, a withdrawn position, in which it remains placed on the fixed section (18), and another extracted position, in which it remains extended and coplanar with said fixed portion (18), in order to complete the floor surface, the moving section (17) of the two frames, on its longitudinal edges, and the longitudinal beams (15-16) of said frames having means for guiding the shifting of the moving sections (17), which sections are connected to the suspension cable of the frames through points adjacent to the edge closest to the hinge pin (7) of the frames; the two moving sections (17) hanging from the suspension cables (9) when the frames (5 and 6) are in their folded position, shifting due to their own weight towards the extracted position as the suspension cable (9) of the frames are progressively let out during the frame deployment operation, whereas when said cables (9) are pulled at during the folding operation, the moving sections (17) of the floor shift towards the withdrawn position, and in that it includes means for controlling the deployment of the frames and for locking said frames in their folded position, the locking means being releasable when the closing door (1) reaches a position close to that of maximum opening.
 2. A ramp according to claim 1, characterised in that the means for guiding the shifting of the moving sections (17) of the floor of the frames (5 and 6) along said frames consist in runners or bolts (22-23) projecting from the longitudinal edges of said sections (17) and introduced in guides (20-21) in the longitudinal beams of the frames by their opposing edges, along the same.
 3. A ramp according to claim 2, characterised in that projecting from each one of the longitudinal edges of the moving section (17) of the floor of each frame (5 and 6) are two runners (22-23), located in opposing positions on the two edges and each one close to each transverse edge of said moving section (17), the guides of the longitudinal beams being made up by two longitudinal grooves (20-21) aligned on each longitudinal beam, which run on the fixed section of the floor and are of a length equal to the shifting of the moving sections of said floor, which grooves include, from the end closest to the hinge pin between both frames, a portion tilted towards the rear edge of the longitudinal beams, guiding the moving section of the floor until placing it in a coplanar position with the fixed section or sections thereof.
 4. A ramp according to claim 1, characterised in that each frame includes a moving section (17) of the floor limited between two fixed sections (18 and 19) of different lengths, each one of the mentioned sections being made up of a rigid sheet.
 5. A ramp according to claim 1, characterised in that the means for controlling frame deployment consist in a pneumatic or hydraulic spring (11) with adjustable tension, linking the frame (5) adjacent to the vehicle with the frame (2) of the door opening.
 6. A ramp according to claim 1, characterised in that the frame locking means for locking them in their folded position consist in a latch (37) assembled on the upper part of the frame (2) of the door opening, which locks the frames (5 and 6) in their extracted position, folded upon the door frame, which latch has an associated push-rod (40) and lever (39) linked to the closing door by means of a traction cable (36) causing the retraction of the latch (37) when said door (1) reaches a position close to that of the maximum opening, after which the latch is released, said latch and push-rod and lever being driven towards the locking and rest position by means of respective springs (42-43). 